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1.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 60(2): 249-52, 2000. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-262222

ABSTRACT

We report a case of a nine-year old boy with vomiting, abdominal pain and fever, who underwent surgery with a diagnosis of appendicitis in Mendonza and from whom a Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) 0127:H21 strain was recovered. Forty-eight hours after surgery he presented bilious vomiting and two episodes of intestinal bleeding. Loboratory findings included: hematocrit, 35 per cent; blood urea nitrogen, 0.22 g/L. The urinary output was normal. The following day physical examination showed an alert mildy hydrated child, without fever but with distended and painful abdomen. The patient was again submitted to surgery with a diagnosis of intestinal occlusion. Bleeding and multiple adhesions in jejunum and ileum were found. The patient still had tense and painful abdomen and presented two bowel movements with blood; hematocrit fell to 29 per cent and blood urea nitrogen rose to 0.32 g/L. STEC 0127:H21 eae(-)/Stx2/Stx2vh-b(+)/E-Hly(+) was isolated from a stool sample. He was discharged after 10 days of hospitalization and no long-term complications such as HUS or TTP were observed. This is the first report, to our knoweledge, on the isolation of E.coli 0127:H21, carrying the virulence factors that characterize STEC strains, associated to an enterohemorrhagic colitis case. This serotype was previously characterized as a non-classic enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). STEC infections can mimic infectious or noninfectious pathologies. Therefore an important aspect of clinical managements is making the diagnosis using different criteria thereby avoiding misdiagnoses which have occasionally led to invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures or the inappropriate use of antibiotics.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Bacterial Toxins/biosynthesis , Escherichia coli Infections/complications , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/microbiology , Intestinal Obstruction/microbiology , Abdomen/microbiology , Enterocolitis/microbiology , Escherichia coli Infections/diagnosis , Escherichia coli/pathogenicity
2.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 58(1): 1-7, 1998. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-212353

ABSTRACT

Escherichia coli productor de toxina Shiga (STEC) ha sido asociado con la etiopatogenia del síndrome urémico hemolítico (SUH). El objetivo fue caracterizar los casos de SUH observados en Mendoza y determinar su asociación con la infección por STEC. Entre el 1º de Julio de 1994 y el 30 de Junio de 1996 ingresaron al Hospital Pediátrico "Dr. HJ Notti", 36 pacientes con diagnóstico de SUH. La edad promedio fue de 22.8 meses, con un 44 por ciento en el sexo femenino. La enfermedad se estableció después de un período prodrómico de 4.5 días, el 94.4 por ciento de los pacientes presentó diarrea siendo sanguinolenta en el 83.3 por ciento de los casos. El 69.4 por ciento recibió antibioticoterapia antes de su ingreso. Los casos se presentaron fundamentalmente en niños eutróficos (88.9 por ciento), de condición socioeconómica media-baja (91.7 por ciento) de origem urbano (72.2 por ciento), durante el verano y principios de otoño. En el período de estado los pacientes presentaron palidez (100 por ciento), edema (25 por ciento), anuria (38.9 por ciento), oliguria (41.7 por ciento), anemia hemolítica (97.2 por ciento), trombocitopenia (86.1 por ciento) y compromiso neurológico (41.7 por ciento). Veinticinco pacientes presentaron formas completas de SUH. El 50 por ciento de los pacientes fue dializado y el 88.9 por ciento requirió transfusión de sedimento globular. El promedio de días de internación fue de 15.1. El 91.7 por ciento de los pacientes recuperó la función renal, dos pacientes evolucionaron a insuficiencia renal crónica y uno falleció. Evidencias acumulativas de infección por STEC se encontraron en 19 (86.4 por ciento) de 22 pacientes, STEC del serotipo 0157:H7, biotipo C fue detectado en 8 casos (36.4 por ciento). Stx2 fue la citotoxina prevalente en STEC, en materia fecal (STMF) y anticuerpos a-Stx.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Bacterial Toxins , Escherichia coli , Escherichia coli Infections/complications , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/microbiology , Argentina , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/drug therapy , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/epidemiology , Nutritional Status , Socioeconomic Factors
3.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 56(2): 119-25, 1996. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-172293

ABSTRACT

Thirty-four hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) patients and ninety-five family members were studied to determine the frequency of infection with verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) in household contacts using three diagnostic criteria: VTEC strains isolation and characterization, detection of free fecal VT (FVT) and VT-neutralizing antibodies (VT-NAbs). Gastrointestinal tract symptoms occurend in one to six family members in 8 (23.5 per cent) of the index cases, the week before admission to hospital or simultaneously. The control group consisted of 34 children with acute gastroenteritis who did not develop HUS. Cumulative evidence of VTEC infection was found in 13 (38.2 per cent) of 34 HUS patients, in 30 (31.6 per cent) of 95 family members and in 10 (29.4 per cent) of 34 control children. The serotypes of VTEC isolated were O157:H7 and O25: H2. The prevalent VT type was VT2 in VTEC and FVT; and VT1 in VT-NAbs. Both parents had the same infection rate by fecal toxin or serological data (11.1 per cent FVT, 32 per cent VT-NAbs). These were higher than those detected in siblings (6.2 per cent FVT, 23.5 per cent VT-NAbs) and grandparents (0 per cent FVT, 18 per cent VT-NAbs). Of 16 patients without evidence of infection, 3 had household contacts with FVT and 13 with VT-NAbs. Our results show the wide dissemination of VTEC in the population of Argentina and that family members of HUS patients are usualy infectd. Therefore, person-to-person transmission may play an important role in the high incidence of HUS in our country.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Bacterial Toxins/biosynthesis , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Escherichia coli Infections/diagnosis , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/microbiology , Feces/microbiology , Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology , Pedigree , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/genetics
4.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 123(1): 13-22, ene. 1995. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-151154

ABSTRACT

Enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (EHEC), have been associated with pathogenesis of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) worldwide. Our aim was to determine the association of EHEC ing¿fection and HUS in chilean children. During may 1991 and october 1993, 34 children HUS and 33 age matched controls (children with diarrhea that did not develop HUS) were enrolled in a case/control study. For each child a stool and serum sample were obtained at admission. Stools were processed for common enteropathogen and for EHEC identification. EHEC were identified in stools by gene probes for different virulence factors (EHEC plasmid-associated fimbria, Shiga-like toxin I, Shiga-like toxin II and eae adherence factor) and by detection of free fecal toxin by neutralization assay in Vero cells. Sera were processed for anti-cytotoxin antibodies also by an assay in Vero cells. Enteropathogens were isolated in 20.6 percent and 15.5 percent of HUS and control children respectively (p=NS). 91 percent of the HUS children and 73 percent of the control children were EHEC positive by one or more of the techniques used (p=0.05). Of the 3 detection methods used for EHEC, only free fecal cytotoxin was significantly more common in HUS children than controls (45.5 percent vs 9 percent p=0.007). Genotype patterns of HUS and controls strains were similar except for a trend towards a higher frequency of non-toxigenic strains in the control group. Serogroup 0157 was more common in HUS children than in controls (9 percent vs 0 percent p=0.036). In Chile as in other countries, EHEC infection is common and significantly associated with occurrence of HUS. Infection with EHEC strains 0157 seems to be important risk factor for HUS


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/microbiology , Specimen Handling , Case-Control Studies , Risk Factors , Cytotoxins/isolation & purification , Diarrhea, Infantile/microbiology , Escherichia coli Infections/epidemiology , Feces/microbiology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/microbiology
5.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 53(6): 487-90, 1993.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-139529

ABSTRACT

Se presenta el caso de un niño de 14 meses que desarrolló Sindrome Urémico Hemolítico después de un período prodrómico con vómitos y diarrea mucosanguinolenta del cual se aislaron 2 cepas de E. coli productoras de toxina simil-Shiga (SLT) de diferente serotipo y genotipo. Una de las cepas correspondió al seotipo 0157: H7, biotipo D, productora de SLT II y susceptible a todos los antibióticos probados. Esta cepa hibridizó cona las sondas genéticas para SLT II; la fimbria de adherencia (factor EHEC) y para el factor de fijación y disolución del borde en cepillo ("E. coli attaching and effacing") eae). La otra cepa correspondió al serotipo O25:K2:H2 productora de SLT II en los ensayos de neutralización de efecto citotóxico sobre células VERO utilizando anticuerpos monoclonales, pero negativas para SLT I y SLT II y el factor eae. Sólo fue positiva por hibridización con la sonda para la fimbria de adherencia. Esta cepa presentó además un patron de multiresistencia a los antibióticos probados. Por otra parte, la cepa de E. coli, del serotipo O25: K2: H2 produjo niveles tanto de toxina libre como asociada a células, 20 veces superiores a la cepa del serotipo O157:H7. Esta es la primera publicación de un caso de SUH en el cual se detectó una cepa de E. coli del serotipo O25:H2 produjo niveles tanto de toxina libre como asociada a células, 20 veces superiores a la cepa del serotipo O157:H7. Esta es la primera publicación de un caso de SUH en el cual se detectó una cepa de E. coli del serotipo O25:H2 productora de SLT. Además el hecho de no hibridizar con la sonda genética para SLT II, a pesar de tener una actividad citotóxica neutralizable por el anticuerpo monoclonal (MAb BC5BB12) indicaria que la secuencia que codifica para SLT II no presenta homología con la sonda utilizada. la detección de SLT libre tanto en la materia fecal del niño como en la de su padre (quien padeció diarrea una semana antes), indicaría que el niño adquirió la infección en el entorno familiar


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Bacterial Toxins/biosynthesis , Escherichia coli/metabolism , Escherichia coli Infections/complications , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/complications , Escherichia coli/classification , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Serotyping
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